What is ballast in an airplane?

Ballast in an airplane refers to weight that is added to the aircraft to achieve the desired center of gravity (C.G.) within acceptable limits. Proper distribution of weight is crucial for safe flight operations, as it affects stability, control, and overall performance. By adjusting the amount of ballast, mechanics and pilots can ensure that the aircraft maintains optimal handling characteristics and remains within weight-and-balance specifications, which is essential for safe flying.

In this context, options regarding extra fuel, components for increasing speed, or safety measures during takeoff do not accurately define ballast. Fuel, while it can impact weight and balance, serves a different primary function related to range and power, not specifically to stabilize or set the C.G. Components designed to increase speed are unrelated to weight management and are focused on aerodynamic performance. Safety measures during takeoff involve various operational checks and procedures but do not include ballast, which is specifically related to weight distribution and stability in the aircraft.